(Journal Article): XIAP overexpression in islet beta-cells enhances engraftment and minimizes hypoxia-reperfusion injury.
 
Emamaullee JA, Liston P, Korneluk RG, Shapiro AM, Elliott J (Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.)
 
IN: Am J Transplant 2005; 5(6):1297–1305
Impact Factor(s) of Am J Transplant: 5.306 (2004), 5.678 (2003)

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ABSTRACT: Recent advances in clinical islet transplantation have allowed patients with type 1 diabetes to become insulin independent, but the procedure is limited since islets from two donors per recipient are typically required. This limitation arises because within a few days of the islets being embolized into the portal circulation, at least half of the transplanted beta-cells have undergone apoptotic cell death triggered by hypoxic and chemokine/cytokine-mediated stress. We hypothesized that the survival of beta-cells in the early post-transplant period would be enhanced if naturally occurring inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) were transiently overexpressed in the grafts. In the present study, we used a growth-regulatable beta-cell line (betaTC-Tet) as a model for beta-cells within islets, and examined whether adenovirally delivered XIAP (X-linked IAP-a highly potent IAP) could enhance beta-cell survival.In vitro, XIAP-expressing betaTC-Tet cells were markedly resistant to apoptosis in an ischemia-reperfusion injury model system and following exposure to cytokines. When Ad-XIAP transduced betaTC-Tet cells were transplanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice, the grafts were able to reverse diabetes in 3 days, vs. 21 days for Ad-betaGal transduced cells. This approach may allow more efficient use of the limited existing supply of human islets.

TYPE OF PUBLICATION: Review

Articles citing this article:

• Emamaullee JA, Rajotte RV, Liston P, Korneluk RG, Lakey JR, Shapiro AM, Elliott JF. XIAP overexpression in human islets prevents early posttransplant apoptosis and reduces the islet mass needed to treat diabetes. Diabetes 2005. 54: 2541-2548.
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