(Journal Article): Osteoporosis and diabetes.
Chau DL, Edelman SV, Chandran M (Department of Geriatric Medicine, VA Sierra Health Care Systems, University of Nevada School of Medicine, 1000 Locust Street, MS 018, Reno, NV 89502, USA.,
Diane.Chau2@med.va.gov
)
IN:
Curr Diab Rep
2003; 3:37-42
ABSTRACT: Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease in the United States. Although the disease has historically been reported mostly in white women, it can affect individuals of both sexes and all ethnic groups. The presence of osteoporosis related to diabetes is not well acknowledged and the impact of osteoporosis in a diabetic patient is often not considered. Routine screening or initiation of preventive medications for osteoporosis in all patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes is not recommended at the present time. However, in all patients with diabetes, besides optimal glycemic control, general recommendations regarding adequate dietary calcium intake, regular exercise, and avoidance of other potential risk factors such as smoking should be given. In patients who have positive risk factors for osteoporosis, or in those who present with fractures, evaluation of bone density should be done and respective preventive or therapeutic interventions should be applied.
TYPE OF PUBLICATION: Original article
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(Journal Article): Osteopenia and diabetes.
Selby PL (Department of Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, New Medical School, UK.)
IN:
Diabet Med
1988; 5(5):423-428
Impact Factor(s) of Diabet Med: 2.621 (2004), 2.235 (2003), 2.678 (2001)
TYPE OF PUBLICATION: Original article
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(Journal Article): Prevalence and magnitude of osteopenia associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Kayath MJ, Dib SA, Vieiaa JG (Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil.)
IN:
J Diabetes Complications
1994; 8(2):97-104
Impact Factor(s) of J Diabetes Complications: 1.864 (2004), 2.345 (2003), 1.649 (2002), 0.931 (2001)
Fulltext: HTML
ABSTRACT: The authors evaluated the prevalence, magnitude, and contributing factors for osteopenia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). We measured bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine and femoral region in 90 patients aged 18-54 years with IDDM using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The blood-glucose control, insulin dosage, duration of disease, and presence of chronic complications of diabetes were evaluated. Serum ionized calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and urinary calcium, phosphorus, and hydroxyproline were also analyzed. Thirty-one patients (34%) were classified as having a reduced BMD (less than 2 SD below the mean). The comparison between normal and low BMD patients showed that the osteopenics had a tendency to be younger (median, 28 years versus 32 years), showed a higher mean plasma glucose (15.5 +/- 5.0 mmol/L versus 12.9 +/- 3.8 mmol/L; p = 0.018), longer duration of disease (11.2 +/- 2.1 years versus 5.0 +/- 1.3 years; p = 0.004), and needed a higher insulin dosage (56 +/- 17 U/day versus 43 +/- 16 U/day; p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between mean glucose levels, duration of disease, insulin dosage, and bone-mass decrease. A higher incidence of chronic complications, mainly retinopathy (58% versus 25%) and neuropathy (52% versus 22%) was found in the low BMD group. There was no alteration of serum calcium, phosphorus, iPTH, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, and urinary calcium and phosphorus. The ALP levels were significantly higher in the osteopenic group, and magnesium and hydroxyproline levels were lower in the whole diabetic group, but these measurements did not correlate with BMD reduction.
TYPE OF PUBLICATION: Original article
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